Progressive Care Nursing Certification (PCCN) Practice Exam

A patient after pancreatic resection develops acute shortness of breath. What condition should be suspected?

1. Acute respiratory distress syndrome

2. Asthma

3. Postoperative pain syndrome

4. Gastric bleed

The correct answer is: Acute respiratory distress syndrome

Following a pancreatic resection, the onset of acute shortness of breath can be indicative of serious pulmonary complications. One significant condition to suspect in this context is Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). This condition is characterized by widespread inflammation and increased permeability of the pulmonary capillaries, leading to a buildup of fluid in the alveoli, making it difficult for oxygen to enter the bloodstream. Patients who undergo major surgeries, especially abdominal procedures like pancreatic resection, are at risk for ARDS due to factors such as trauma, infection, or the effects of anesthetics and mechanical ventilation. The development of ARDS often occurs within 6 to 72 hours post-surgery, making it a crucial consideration when a patient presents with new respiratory symptoms. In contrast, other conditions such as asthma would generally present with a history of wheezing or prior episodes of bronchospasm, which are less likely to be newly developed in this scenario. Postoperative pain syndrome might cause respiratory distress due to inadequate ventilation from pain, but it typically wouldn’t be classified as acute shortness of breath in the same way as ARDS. A gastric bleed could result in symptoms such as hypotension or altered mental status but is less likely to cause acute respiratory distress on its own