Progressive Care Nursing Certification (PCCN) Practice Exam

What is often the first sign of Alzheimer's disease?

1. Long-term memory loss

2. Social withdrawal

3. Short-term memory loss

4. Confusion and disorientation

The correct answer is: Short-term memory loss

Short-term memory loss frequently emerges as one of the earliest indicators of Alzheimer's disease. This condition primarily affects the brain's ability to form new memories and retrieve recent information, which often leads individuals to struggle with remembering recent events, conversations, or learned information. As the disease progresses, this memory impairment may become more pronounced, resulting in difficulties with daily tasks and interactions. The other options, while they can occur as the disease advances, generally do not present themselves as the initial signs. Long-term memory loss usually becomes evident only after significant impairment of short-term memory has taken place. Social withdrawal and confusion may also manifest as the disease progresses; however, these symptoms are not typically observed as the initial signs that prompt concern in individuals or their caregivers. Thus, short-term memory loss holds significance as the primary early symptom marking the onset of Alzheimer's disease.