Progressive Care Nursing Certification (PCCN) Practice Exam

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What is the drug of choice for treating acute delirium?

Lorazepam
Haloperidol
Propofol
Meclizine

The correct answer is: Haloperidol

Haloperidol is considered the drug of choice for treating acute delirium due to its effectiveness in managing agitation and psychotic symptoms associated with this condition. Haloperidol is an antipsychotic medication that acts on dopamine receptors, which can help stabilize mood and reduce symptoms of confusion and aggression commonly seen in delirium. Its sedative properties can provide relief for patients experiencing agitation without significantly suppressing respiratory function, making it a suitable option in medical settings. Other medications listed may not be as appropriate for managing acute delirium. For example, lorazepam, although a sedative, can exacerbate confusion and contribute to further sedation in some patients, particularly in the elderly. Propofol is primarily used for sedation in controlled settings like intubated patients and may not be the best choice for delirium due to its rapid onset and potential for causing profound sedation without addressing the underlying hallucinations or confusion. Meclizine is an antihistamine often used for vertigo and motion sickness and does not target the symptoms of delirium effectively.