Progressive Care Nursing Certification (PCCN) Practice Exam

What should education for a patient who underwent vascular surgery for PAD include to prevent exacerbation?

1. Modify diet to include low fat and high simple carbohydrates

2. Avoid all alcoholic beverages

3. Exercise no more than 30 minutes a day

4. Avoid secondhand smoke

The correct answer is: Avoid secondhand smoke

Educating patients who have undergone vascular surgery for peripheral artery disease (PAD) is crucial in preventing exacerbation of their condition. The recommendation to avoid secondhand smoke is particularly important because exposure to smoke can lead to vasoconstriction and reduce blood flow, thereby worsening PAD symptoms. Nicotine and other harmful substances in cigarettes can cause further damage to vascular health and promote inflammation, which can impede healing and increase the risk of further complications. Additionally, avoiding secondhand smoke supports overall cardiovascular health. It helps in enhancing circulation and improving outcomes after surgery by minimizing the factors that can contribute to arterial constriction and plaque formation. This education can significantly impact recovery and long-term health. The other options suggested do not adequately address the critical components of managing PAD post-surgery. For instance, a diet high in simple carbohydrates is not advised as it can lead to weight gain and poor glucose management, both of which may exacerbate vascular problems. Limiting exercise to only 30 minutes a day may not align with current guidelines recommending regular physical activity tailored to the patient’s tolerance and condition. Lastly, while avoiding alcohol can be beneficial for some patients, it is not as universally essential in the context of PAD management as avoiding smoking.