Progressive Care Nursing Certification (PCCN) Practice Exam

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Which of the following is a major function of the kidneys?

Promotion of perfusion
Secretion of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)
Excretion of metabolic waste
Absorption of vancomycin

The correct answer is: Excretion of metabolic waste

The major function of the kidneys is the excretion of metabolic waste. The kidneys play a critical role in maintaining homeostasis in the body by filtering blood and removing waste products that result from metabolism. This includes substances like urea, creatinine, and various toxins, which are excreted in the urine. This process is essential for regulating fluid and electrolyte balance as well as acid-base balance, contributing to overall health. While other options may relate to various functions or roles in the body, they do not accurately describe a primary function of the kidneys. For instance, the promotion of perfusion is more closely associated with cardiovascular function and blood flow regulation rather than a specific role of the kidneys. The secretion of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) occurs primarily in the hypothalamus, with the posterior pituitary releasing it; kidneys respond to ADH but do not secrete it. Lastly, vancomycin absorption pertains to processes within the gastrointestinal system rather than a direct function of the kidneys, which are involved in the elimination of such drugs rather than their absorption.