Progressive Care Nursing Certification (PCCN) Practice Exam

Which patient population is at higher risk for developing post-operative complications like pulmonary embolism?

1. Obese patients

2. Diabetic patients

3. Patients with strong family history

4. Patients receiving anticoagulants

The correct answer is: Obese patients

Obese patients are indeed at a higher risk for developing post-operative complications such as pulmonary embolism. This increased risk is primarily due to factors associated with obesity, including limited mobility, the presence of excess adipose tissue, and potential underlying cardiovascular issues. Obesity can lead to alterations in venous blood flow, promoting stasis that contributes to thrombus formation. Additionally, after surgery, patients may experience decreased mobility due to pain or the surgical site, which further increases the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and subsequent pulmonary embolism if a clot dislodges and travels to the lungs. While other patient populations, such as those with diabetes or receiving anticoagulants, may have their own specific risks and considerations post-operatively, the direct connection between obesity and decreased venous return makes obese patients particularly susceptible to these complications.