Progressive Care Nursing Certification (PCCN) Practice Exam

Which serious side effect is most commonly associated with the use of ACE inhibitors post-STEMI?

1. A nonproductive cough

2. Pedal edema

3. Swelling of the tongue and face

4. Rhinorrhea

The correct answer is: Swelling of the tongue and face

The most commonly associated serious side effect with the use of ACE inhibitors, especially following a ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI), is swelling of the tongue and face, also known as angioedema. This reaction can occur due to the inhibition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme, which can lead to the accumulation of bradykinin, a peptide that can cause vasodilation and increase vascular permeability. This results in swelling, which can be particularly dangerous if it involves the airway, potentially leading to life-threatening situations. Angioedema is significant as it may require immediate medical intervention, including the use of corticosteroids, antihistamines, or in severe cases, airway management. Recognizing this serious side effect is crucial for healthcare professionals when monitoring patients on ACE inhibitors, especially in the post-STEMI setting where medication management is pivotal for ensuring cardiovascular stability. While a nonproductive cough can occur with ACE inhibitors, it is not classified as a serious side effect and is generally more common than angioedema. Pedal edema can be attributed to other factors and is not specifically a common issue associated with ACE inhibitors. Rhinorrhea is not typically linked to the use of ACE inhibitors. Understanding these